Quantum Theory of Two-Photon Micromaser and Laser

摘要

The author begins by studying the photon statistics of the two-photon micromaser, by considering the interaction of a quantized single-mode field with an effective two-level atom through intermediate states. An exact solution is given for the photon distribution function. The behavior of mean photon number and photon number fluctuations is studied. The author discusses the photon statistics of a two-photon laser, and derives an exact expression for photon distribution function. The author also calculates the natural line-width of a two-level two-photon laser by using a Fokker-Planck approach. Finally, the author studies the two-photon transitions in multi-level atomic system. The author considers the two-photon transition in four-level atomic system by considering a dye laser as an example.