Highways in the River Environment: Participant Notebook. NHI Course No. 13010

摘要

The revised document incorporates many technological advances that have been made in this discipline since 1975. Hydraulic problems at stream crossings are described in detail and the hydraulic principles of rigid and moveable boundary channels are discussed. In the United States, the average annual damage related to hydraulic problems at highway facilities on the Federal-aid system is $40 million. Damages by streams can be reduced significantly by considering channel stability. The types of river changes to be carefully considered relate to: (1) lateral bank erosion; (2) degradation and aggradation of the streambed that continues over a period of years, and (3) natural short-term fluctuations of streambed elevation that are usually associated with the passage of floods. Sediment transport, natural and manmade causes of waterway responses, stream stabilization (bed and banks), computer applications and countermeasures are some of the many issues covered. Case histories of typical manmade and natural impacts on waterways are analyzed.