Development of Low-Cost Desiccant-Based Air Conditioning Systems Using Type 1M Materials. Final Report, September 1989-February 1991.

摘要

The objective of the research was to investigate and develop new open-cycle desiccant cooling system designs that take advantage of the unique performance characteristics of the Type 1M desiccant materials hypothesized in earlier GRI research. This makes possible gas-fired cooling equipment that is more cost-effective than currently available systems. The authors' approach to the problem was to investigate concepts based on the hypothesis that concentration wavefronts be contained within the desiccant matrix during cyclical operation. The results of that investigation showed that a near-conventional cycle operating with unbalanced air flows and in recirculation mode would achieve the objectives set. Compared to the state-of-the-art, the system developed showed decreases in desiccant wheel sizes of over a factor of three and decreases in sensible heat exchanger sizes of almost a factor of three. These reductions in component sizes were achieved along with a two-fold decrease in air pumping power for a twenty percent decrease in ARI-rated thermal COP. Season simulations showed the new desiccant cooling system to be cheaper to operate than conventional electric air conditioning in three of four cities simulated. In all the cities simulated, the desiccant cooling system showed superior humidity control.