Estimation of Macro Velocity Models by Wave Field Extrapolation

摘要

In the modern view of seismic processing it is realized that accurate information (structural, stratigraphic, lithologic) on the subsurface can only be obtained if the wave fields, measured at the surface, are downward extrapolated to the subsurface grid points (depth points) of interest. Therefore, modern seismic processing may be referred to as depth-oriented. Wave field extrapolation is required in depth point-oriented processing. Wave field extrapolation in general and shot record redatuming in particular play an important role in the depth point-oriented macro model estimation procedure that has been developed. Therefore Chapter 2 is dedicated to the explanation of shot record redatuming. In Chapter 3 an overview is given on existing macro model estimation techniques. The heart of the thesis is Chapter 4, where the theory on the investigated macro model estimation scheme is presented. Finally, the method is illustrated in Chapter 5, where it is applied to numerically simulated (finite difference) data, to data that have been recorded in a controlled environment (water tank) and to real data.