Effects of the Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 on the U.S. Coke and SteelIndustry and Foreign Trade Balance

摘要

This report contains information on: the technology of production of coke;pollution controls used in cokemaking; uage of coke in the production of iron, and of iron or steel; and limitations of the emerging methods of production of iron or steel without coke. The probable effects of the Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990 on the production of coke in the United States resulting from the shutdown of several cokemaking plants by integrated steel producers in 1993-1995 or 2003 are addressed. Three options for replacing the resulting coke shortage are presented: (1) importing coke; (2) importing coke from facilities jointly owned abroad with foreign coke producers; and (3) importing semifinshed steel. Probable costs of these options are given. Effects of the act on costs of steel production in electric arc furnaces (minimills and high alloy steels) and loss of coke byproducts and of jobs are also included.