Wastewater Treatment by Overland Flow at Paw Paw, Michigan. Final Report,September 1980-February 1986

摘要

OF wastewater treatment systems are capable of producing highly treatedeffluents. Overall facility costs, especially for energy, may be much lower than for physical-chemical processes to achieve the same degree of treatment. The OF process is used where soil permeabilities are too low to utilize the infiltration type of land treatment. Thus, the system may provide an economical form of advanced wastewater treatment for small communities which have to meet stringent discharge standards. The Village of Paw Paw, Michigan wastewater treatment facility had a significant increase in industrial flows and loading during late 1978 and early 1979. The increase in hydraulic and organic loading required immediate expansion of the existing lagoon and FI plant. It was decided to synchronize the expansion and modification of the existing Paw Paw facility with a demonstration project to evaluate the OF process at the location.