The formulas developed by Saastamoinen (1) and Marini (2) are particularly convenient for use in correcting satellite tracking data because they use surface measurements of pressure, temperature and humidity to derive the range correction. The formulas were derived by assuming that the refractive index profile in the atmosphere is spherically symmetric.nThe refractivity was assumed to vary linearly in the horizontal direction. Also, the ray tracing method was based in part on the hydrostatic equation because the heights which appear in the radiosonde profiles were calculated from the measured pressures, temperatures and relative humidities using the hydrostatic equation.
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