Two Phase Discharge of Liquefied Gases Through Pipes. Field Experiments with Ammonia and Theoretical Model

摘要

Field experiments with full scale releases of pressurized through siphon pipes from a storage tank were performed. It is found that the flow is a damped critical flow causing a violent turbulent spray jet. The pronounced atomization of the liquid and the quick air entrainment prevent rainout and no traces of land spills are observed. A theoretical model is also presented. Comparisons with the field experiments and laboratory experiments show that the model gives very good predictions of the mass flow rate and the jet determining parameters. The model is useful also for long pipe systems as it takes into account friction and other resistances.