Standard UTM-to-GEO/GEO-to-UTM coordinate conversion algorithms

摘要

The purpose of this document is to present an analysis of the standard algorithms used to convert the location of a point on the earth's surface from geographic coordinates (latitude/longitude) to Universal Transverse Mercator Grid form (easting/northing), and back again. This report treats only the problem of transforming UTM to Lat-Long and vice versa. The companion problem - which spheroids to use in different parts of the world - is not addressed. The computed terms are expanded in the standard series (See Army Tech Manual No. 5-241-8). These terms are then examined numerically to determine which are necessary for a given accuracy. The analysis shows how 1 meter accuracy in Northern and Eastern or in Lat-Long can be obtained.