Mathematical Sciences, Technology, and Economic Competitiveness

摘要

The fundamental importance of mathematics to the U.S. technology base, to theongoing development of advanced technology, and, indirectly, to U.S. competitiveness is well known in scientific circles. However, the declining number of U.S. high school students who decide to seek a career in science or engineering is an important indication that many people do not appreciate how central the mathematical sciences have become to our technological enterprise. The National Research Council's Board on Mathematical Sciences prepared this report to underscore the importance of supporting mathematics instruction at all levels, from kindergarten through graduate school, to prepare our youth for successful careers in science and engineering. To trace the impact of mathematics on U.S. technology necessarily involves making choices. The examples are intended to illustrate the widespread use of mathematical reasoning. The board focused primarily on the use of such reasoning by mathematical scientists themselves, as defined by their professional training, departmental or professional affiliation, or funding resources. Also included in this discussion are examples of the cross-disciplinary impacts of mathematical scientists working with members of other disciplines. A few examples were drawn from the mathematically oriented portions of related disciplines such as engineering and computer science.