Electrical and electromagnetic methods for reservoir description and process monitoring. Annual report, October 1, 1992--September 30, 1993

摘要

It is well known that electrical conductivity of rock is closely related to the porosity, hydrologic permeability, saturation, and the type of fluid in it. These rock parameters play important roles in the development and production of hydrocarbon (petroleum and natural gas) resources. For these reasons, resistivity well logs have long been used by geologists and reservoir engineers in petroleum industries to map variations in pore fluid, to distinguish between rock types, and to determine completion intervals in wells. Reservoir simulation and process monitoring rely heavily on the physical characteristics of the reservoir model. At the beginning of FY-91, a coordinated electrical and electromagnetic (EM) geophysical research program for petroleum reservoir characterization and process monitoring was initiated. Parties involved in this program include Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL), Lawrence Livermore Laboratory (LLNL), Sandia National Laboratory (SNL), and University of California at Berkeley (UCB). The overall objectives of the program were: to integrate research funded by DOE for hydrocarbon recovery into a focused effort to demonstrate the technology in the shortest time with the least cost; to assure industry acceptance of the technology developed by having industry involvement in the planning, implementation, and funding of the research; and to focus the research on real world problems that have the potential for solution in the near term with significant energy payoff. Specific research activities conducted have been in the following areas: (1) EM modeling development; (2) data interpretation methods development; (3) hardware and instrumentation development; (4) EOR and reservoir characterization; and (5) controlled field experiments. The primary focus of these activities was in the development of reliable inversion and imaging schemes that could yield conductivity distributions from measured electrical and EM field data.