CROW(Trade Name) Field Demonstration with Bell Lumber and Pole

摘要

Beginning in 1990, efforts were initiated for Western Research Institute (WRI) to211u001eimplement an in situ remediation project for the contaminated aquifer at the Bell 211u001eLumber and Pole Company (Bell Pole) Site in New Brighton, Minnesota. The 211u001eremediation project involves the application of the Contained Recovery of Oily 211u001eWaste (CROW(trademark)) process, which consists of hot-water injection to 211u001edisplace and recover the non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPL) (Johnson and Sudduth 211u001e1989). Wood treating activities began at the Bell Pole Site in 1923 and have 211u001eincluded the use of creosote and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in a fuel oil carrier. 211u001eCreosote was used as a wood preservative from 1923 to 1958. Provalene 4-A, a non-211u001esludging fuel-oil-type carrier for PCP, was used from 1952 until it was no longer 211u001ecommercially available in 1968. A 5-6% mixture of PCP in fuel oil has been used 211u001eas a wood preservative since 1952, and a fuel-oil-type carrier, P-9, has been 211u001eused since 1968. While reviewing the site evaluation information, it became 211u001eapparent that better site characterization would enhance the outcome of the 211u001eproject. Additional coring indicated that the areas extent of the contaminated 211u001esoils was approximately eight times greater than initially believed. Because of 211u001ethese uncertainties, a pilot test was conducted, which provided containment and 211u001eorganic recovery information that assisted in the design of the full-scale CROW 211u001eprocess demonstration.