Challenges in the Development of Advanced Reactors.

摘要

Nuclear reactors have been developed and operated since the 1950s, and the next generation is currently being developed, demonstrating the technical and industrial vitality of nuclear energy. In 2000 the US Department of Energy launched the Generation IV International Forum (GIF) which is one of the primary international frameworks for the development of future nuclear systems. Advanced reactor development under the GIF seeks to achieve: 1) sustainability via optimal resource utilization and waste minimization; 2) economic viability by establishing clear life cycle cost advantages and comparable financial risk relative to other energy sources; 3) safety and reliability through passive and inherent safety systems that minimize the likelihood for core damage and eliminate the need for offsite emergency response; and 4) are highly proliferation resistant.