Phase transition with an isospin dependent lattice gas model

摘要

The nuclear liquid-gas phase transition is studied within an isospin dependent Lattice Gas Model in the canonical ensemble. Finite size effects on thermodynamical variables are analyzed by a direct calculation of the partition function, and it is shown that phase coexistence and phase transition are relevant concepts even for systems of a few tens of particles. Critical exponents are extracted from the behaviour of the fragment production yield as a function of temperature by means of a finite size scaling. The result is that in a finite system well defined critical signals can be found at supercritical (Kertesz line) as well as subcritical densities. For isospin asymmetric systems it is shown that, besides the modification of the critical temperature, isotopic distributions can provide an extra observable to identify and characterize the transition. (author) 21 refs.