THE MEASUREMENT OF RADIATION EXPOSURE OF ASTRONAUTS BY RADIOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES

摘要

Only two of the fecal specimens collected inflight during the Apollo 15 mission were returned for analysis. Difficulty in obtaining reasonably accurate radiation dose estimates based on the cosmogenic radionuclide content of the specimens was encountered due to the limited sampling. The concentrations of 22Na, 40K, 51Cr, 59Fe, and 137Cs are reported.nThe concentrations of 24 major, minor, and trace clenents in these two specimens were determined. Host concentrations are typical of those observed previously. Major exceptions are extremely low values for selenium and extraordinarily high values for rare earth elements.nThe net 210Po activities in the Apollo 11 and 12 Solar Hind Composition foils and in the Apollo 8 And 12 spacecraft reflective coatings due to lunar exposure have been determined. Equilibrium concentrations of 0.082 ± 0.012 disintegrations cm﹣² sec﹣¹ of 222Kn in the lunar atmosphere and 0.0233 ± 0.0035 disintegrations cm﹣² sec﹣¹ of 210Po on the lunar surface have been calculated for Oceanus Procellarum.