CALCIUM SULFATE SCALING IN REVERSE OSMOSIS (HYPERFILTRATION) OF BRACKISH WATERS BY HOLLOW-FIBER AND SPIRAL-WOUND MODULES

摘要

The main objective of this part of Work Order No. 30 was to operate hollow-fiber and spiral-wound modules in reverse osmosis of synthetic waters specified by OSW in order to establish a correlation between the practical solubility limits as a function of operating conditions and the equilibrium solubility limits that were determined in the concurrent work by Yeatts, et. al. A subsidiary objective was to organize existing literature data on the free energies of solutions of electrolytes common in natural waters in a manner allowing convenient estimation of osmotic pressures.