Immobilization of Defense High-Level Waste:An Assessment of Technological Strategies and Potential Regulatory Goals VolumeⅠ

摘要

Sandia Laboratories and its subcontractor, International Energy Associates Limited (IEAL), have investigated the high-level radio¬active waste immobilization technology programs in the United States and Europe, as well as the associated regulatory programs and waste management perspectives in the countries studied. The purpose of the investigation and this report is to assess the ability of waste immobilization programs to satisfy DOE waste management needs and U.S. regulatory requirements.nThe European investigation involved literature reviews and meetings with waste-system managers in six countries: Sweden, the F.R.G., Switzerland, France, Belgium and the U.K., as well as the Eurochemic Company. The U.S. portion of the study involved literature reviews and meetings with the DOE waste management headquarters staff, the lead laboratory for waste product development (Savannah River Labor¬atory), and the three Federal agencies responsible for waste manage¬ment regulation: EPA, NRC, and the DOT.