Photosynthesis is the oldest and most reliable method of converting the electromagnetic energy of the sun into stored chemical energy. Although the number of species of algae and plants is very large, there are certain basic physicochemical mechanisms that all photosynthetic systems have in common: All photosynthetic systems possess pigment molecules that capture solar quanta in the visible portion of the electro-molecules that capture solar quanta in the visible portion of the electro-magnetic spectrum and channel this excitation energy into one of two specialized reaction centers.
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