Effects on Carp Embryos (Cyprinus Carpio) and Daphnia Pulex of Chlorinated Organic Compounds Produced During Control of Fouling Organisms

摘要

Chlorinated organic compounds have been identified in cooling, waste treatment, and drinking waters after application of chlorine. The advisability of chlorination for some purposes and the suitability of present chlorination technology for others have been questioned. Cooling waters, by reason of volume alone, are a potentially significant source of chlorinated organics of which twenty-one have already been identified. Although the acute toxicity of two synthetic power plant effluents and many of the 17 component compounds to carp embryos and Daphnia pulex has been determined, information on environmental persistence and fate, acute and chronic toxicity, and bioaccumulation of power plant chlorination products is needed to assess their potential for environmental impact. Results of: (1) decay studies of the trihalomethanes and four nonvolatile chlorinated organics; (2) acute toxicity tests with four trihalomethanes and carp embryos; and (3) chronic toxicity tests with Daphnia pulex and selected chlorinated organics and synthetic effluents under limited conditions are reported. (ERA citation 05:023149)