Research and Development of Rapid Hydrogenation for Coal Conversion to Synthetic Motor Fuels (Riser Cracking of Coal). Project No. 8976Annual Report,April 1, 1977--March 31,1978.

摘要

Forty-eight runs were made in the bench-scale unit (Appendix A) using power-plant grind of North Dakota lignite and hydrogen. The ability to vary the chemical composition of the reaction products through change in temperature profile is an important attribute of this type of reaction system. The heat-recovery system following the pyrolysis reactor can be operated at constant temperature,thus maintaining the steam balance over the whole plant while varying the product yield spectrum. The main products obtained were methane,ethane,carbon oxides,and hydrocarbon liquids. The weight fraction of 400exp 0 F end-point gasoline ranged from 30% to 56%,and the clear research octane number of the gasoline varied from 110to 127. The carbon oxides were mostly carbon monoxide,with small amounts of carbon dioxide. The ranges of the main operating variables for the process are shown in a table. The thermal treatment of the reactants for all runs was characterized by a kinetic severity function,which is a measure of the product of a first order decomposition rate constant and the time interval that the reactants are exposed to the reaction environment. Overall,correlation with kinetic severity function has been found to be a reasonable predictor for carbon conversion and methane yields. Initial work with liquids composition data has shown that liquids composition does not correlate as well with kinetic severity function,indicating that other factors,such as reactions in sequence,influence liquids composition. The design of a PDU has been completed and has been approved by DOE. (ERA citation 04:032042)