Phase Transition and Fluctuations in Ultrarelativistic Matter with the Van der Waals Equation of State

摘要

The thermodynamical properties of ultrarelativistic matter described by the Van der Waals equation of state under condition of free creation and annihilation of particles are considered. In such a system phase transitions take place. Near the phase transitions the behaviour of the system radically depends on what thermodynamical variable - the temperature or the density of energy - is independent. Some astrophysical consequences of the results obtained are discussed. (Atomindex citation 13:642811)