First Observation of the Decay Anti-B/s0 --> D/S+- K-+ and Measurement of the Relative Branching Fraction B(Anti-B/S0 --> D/S+- K-+)/B(Anti-B/S0 --> D/S+ Pi-). (Thesis/Dissertation)

摘要

One of the most surprising features of nature lies in minute differences between the behavior of particles and antiparticles. CP violation, the violation of the discrete symmetry relating particles and antiparticles, is described in the standard model of particle physics (the 'Standard Model') by the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) mechanism. The Standard Model makes one experimentally falsifiable prediction about CP violation, namely that all flavor-changing processes are due to a unitary matrix (the 'CKM matrix') that transforms quark mass eigenstates into flavor eigenstates, and that a CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix for three quark generations is responsible for all quark-sector CP violation.