Harnessing the Sun for Development: Actions for Consideration by the International Community at the UN Conference on New and Renewable Sources of Energy for Promoting the Use of Renewable Energy in Developing Countries

摘要

The technical and economic evidence is reviewed for solar industrial process heat, highlighting the fact that financial parameters such as tax credits and depreciation allowance play a very large role in determining the economic competitiveness of solar investments. An analysis of the energy (and oil) consumed in providing industrial process heat in a number of selected developing countries is presented. Solar industrial process heat technology is discussed including the operating experience of several demonstration plants in the US Solar ponds are also described briefly. Financial and economic analysis of solar industrial process heat systems under different assumptions on future oil prices and various financial parameters is described. Financial analyses are summarized for a solar industrial process heat retrofit of a brewery in Zimbabwe and a high efficiency system operating in financial conditions typical of the US and a number of other industrialized nations. A set of recommended policy actions for countries wishing to enhance the commercial feasibility of renewable energy technologies in the commercial/industrial sector is presented. Various barriers and remedies to development of solar process heat are discussed including the potential role of international financial institutions such as the World Bank and the regional development banks. The issues of test and certification procedures for solar equipment, establishment of standards, and the training of personnel are analyzed. (ERA citation 07:056584)