House Types for High-Density Urban Housing

摘要

Design proposals are given for 28 house types for low-rise, high-density urban structure and for 3 neighborhoods based upon these principles. Main features of the house are: (a) living spaces oriented south regardless of the orientation of access streets; (b) clustering of houses to maximize solar penetration and minimize overshadowing; (c) form of houses and their clustering designed to minimize external surface area of units to reduce energy loss in winter and gain in summer; (d) high densities to reduce distances and vehicular movement, and to encourage walking, and for efficient land use; (e) small lots of appropriate shape to permit high densities and economies of infrastructure; (f) minimum road and parking surface areas to reduce ambient temperatures in summer by using garages and multi-loading of access streets. Neighborhood characteristics include: (a) all living rooms facing south; (b) individual houses on the ground with compact gardens; (c) high density development with small lots; and (d) houses with and without integral garages, interrelated vehicular and pedestrian circulation. Each house type and neighborhood is briefly described and for each house and neighborhood is given complete drawings including elevations, sections, isometrics and plans and scale models. (ERA citation 07:054236)