Recent Advances in Catalysis of Lignite Liquefaction.

摘要

Distillate yields from U.S. lignites can be as high on a moisture and ash-free basis as those obtained from bituminous coals, when vacuum bottoms are recycled. Lignites are more readily liquefied if the reducing gas contains some carbon monoxide and water, however, even with bottoms recycle a major problem associated with noncatalytic tests has been the high viscosity of the bottoms. Future improvements in liquefaction processes for lignite must maintain high liquid yields at reduced reaction severity and decreased product viscosity while using less reductant, preferably in the form of synthesis gas (CO + H sub 2 ) instead of the more expensive pure hydrogen. This report is a summary of the DOE-funded cooperative research using tubing bomb data obtained by the UND Department of Chemistry, batch autoclave data obtained by the UND Department of Chemical Engineering plus continuous process unit (CPU) data from the Grand Forks Energy Technology Center (GFETC). It includes work done with the following disposable catalyst: (1) FeS sub 2 (pyrite); (2) Fe sub 3 O sub 4 (magnetite); (3) Fe sub 2 O sub 3 (mill scale); (4) K sub 2 CO sub 3 (potassium carbonate); (5) elemental sulfur; and (6) H sub 2 S. (ERA citation 08:035010)