Properties of Glasses with High Water Content. Final Report, June 14, 1979-September 14, 1983

摘要

Sodium silicate glasses containing 0 to 25 wt % dissolved water were synthesized and their chemical and physical properties were investigated. There are two types of water in these glasses: one type is hydroxyl SiOH, and the other is molecular water, H sub 2 O. Dc conductivity at a constant temperature goes through a pronounced minimum as water content increases. The sodium diffusion coefficient follows approximately the dc conductivity. The correlation factor (Haven ratio) increases with increasing water content. The high-frequency dielectric constant increases slightly, while both the low-frequency dielectric constant and the dielectric relaxation strength pass through a pronounced minimum as water content increases. The refractive index goes through a maximum while density and hardness decrease with increasing water content and chemical durability deteriorates with increasing water content. The diffusion coefficient of H sub 2 O in glass increases with added water. Radiation coloration by gamma -rays and x-rays is suppressed by water in glass. The glass transition temperature decreases, while the thermal expansion coefficient increases with increasing water content. (ERA citation 10:011408)