Generation IV Reactors Integrated Materials Technology Program Plan: Focus on Very High Temperature Reactor Materials

摘要

Since 2002, the Department of Energy's (DOE's) Generation IV Nuclear Energy Systems (Gen IV) Program has addressed the research and development (R&D) necessary to support next-generation nuclear energy systems. Such R&D has been guided by the technology roadmap developed for the Generation IV International Forum. The six most promising systems identified for next-generation nuclear energy are described within this roadmap. Two employ a thermal neutron spectrum with coolants and temperatures that enable hydrogen or electricity production with high efficiency (the Supercritical Water Reactor--SCWR and the Very High Temperature Reactor--VHTR). Three employ a fast neutron spectrum to enable more effective management of actinides through recycling of most components in the discharged fuel (the Gas-cooled Fast Reactor--GFR, the Leadcooled Fast Reactor--LFR, and the Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor--SFR). The Molten Salt Reactor (MSR) employs a circulating liquid fuel mixture that offers considerable flexibility for recycling actinides and may provide an alternative to accelerator-driven systems.