Manufacture of Thin-Film Photovoltaic Cells: Characterization and Management of Phosphine Hazards

摘要

Phosphine is a highly toxic and flammable gas used in thin-film photovoltaic cell manufacturing. Its use can present serious occupational and public health hazards if appropriate prevention and control options are not effectively implemented. This report reviews technologies for controlling PH sub 3 emissions during routine operation and accidents, hazard prevention options, and emergency preparedness and response strategies. Routine PH sub 3 emissions can be controlled by using carbon adsorption for very low concentrations and chemical scrubbing for higher ones, but massive accidental releases are very difficult to control and could jeopardize the life and health of populations living near a plant. Options for preventing or minimizing accidental releases (e.g., flow-restricting valves) need to be implemented to reduce risks. Industry and community emergency response planning can further reduce the magnitude of these hazards. (ERA citation 12:028470)