Ambient Temperature Secondary Lithium Batteries Using LiAl or Lithium Insertion Anodes: Final Report

摘要

The feasibility of using Li/sub/x Fe sub 2 O sub 3 , Li/sub x/ WO sub 2 and beta -LiAl as alternative anodes for ambient temperature secondary Li batteries was studied. A convenient procedure for the synthesis of these materials at normal temperature and pressure conditions has been developed. The electrochemical behavior of the alternative anode materials was studied in cells utilizing a TiS sub 2 cathode and PC-LiC10 sub 4 electrolyte. While the lithiated oxides have exhibited good reversibility, their equivalent weights are too high for use in high energy density batteries. The experimentally determined value for the reversible Li capacity of Li/sub x/Wo sub 2 indicated an equivalent weight of 370 for this anode. The corresponding value for Li sub 6 Fe sub 2 O sub 3 was 201. The results obtained with the beta -LiAl, synthesized by the new procedure, were too limited to draw meaningful conclusions regarding its usefulness in practical cells. Amorphous V sub 2 O sub 5 , Cr sub 3 O sub 8 and Li/sub x/CoO sub 2 were evaluated as cathodes for possible use in conjunction with the alternative anodes. While the capacities of a-V sub 2 O sub 5 and Cr sub 3 O sub 8 , of 2.4 LiV sub 2 O sub 5 and 4.5 LiCr sub 3 O sub 8 , respectively, are attractive for practical applications, these positive electrodes exhibited rather low rate capabilities. The performance of Li/sub x/CoO sub 2 was inferior to the results previously reported for the cathode and might have been influenced by the electrolyte employed in our studies. 17 refs., 19 figs., 4 tabs. (ERA citation 13:030392)