Model for Calculating the Threshold for Shock Initiation of Pyrotechnics and Explosives

摘要

A model is proposed for predicting the shock pressure P and pulse pulse width pi required to ignite porous reactive mixtures. Essentially, the shock wave collapses the voids, forming high-temperature hot spots that ignite the mixture. The pore temperature is determined by numerical solution of the equations of motion, viscoplastic heating, and heat conduction. The pore radius is determined as a function of the pore size, viscosity, yield stress, and pressure. Temperature-dependent material properties and melting are considered. Ignition occurs when the surface temperature of the pore reaches the critical hot-spot temperature for thermal runaway. Data from flyer-plate impact experiments were analyzed and the pressure pulse at the ignition threshold was determined for 2Al/Fe sub 2 O sub 3 (thermite) and the high explosives TATB, PBX 9404, and PETN. Mercury intrusion porosimetry was performed on the samples and the pore size distribution determined. Theoretical and numerical predictions of the ignition threshold are compared with experiment. Results show that P sup 2 pi appears to be an initiation property of the material. (ERA citation 12:031626)