Review of Anode Phenomena in Vacuum Arces.

摘要

This report discusses arc modes at the anode, experimental results pertinent to anode phenomena, and theoretical explanations of anode phenomena. The dominant mechanism controlling the formation of an anode spot appears to depend upon the electrode geometry, the electrode material, and the current waveforms of the particular vacuum arc being considered. In specific experimental conditions, either magnetic constriction in the gap plasma or gross anode melting or local anode evaporation can trigger the transition. However, the most probable explanation of anode spot formation is a combination theory, which considers magnetic constriction in the plasma together with the fluxes of material from the anode and cathode as well as the thermal, electrical, and geometric effects of the anode in analyzing the behavior of the anode and the nearby plasma. 88 refs., 6 figs., 8 tabs. (ERA citation 13:051831)