Solar heating of urban areas.

摘要

In the usual solar heating systems for urban areas, heat is collected by solar collectors and stored for the use of the winter. In the system considered here, the urban area itself is covered by an insulating transparent roof. The main features are the following: the temperature of the area increases due to the solar radiation, which means a decrease in the energy consumption of the heated buildings in the area. The heat losses due to conduction through the walls, due to air leakage and ventilation are decreased. The heating devices can be dimensioned smaller; the summer starts earlier and lasts longer in the covered area. Trees and other plants requiring warmer climate can be grown in the area; the area can be used as a source for low temperature heat during the summer. This heat is stored for later use. The annual operation, and the operation in different weather conditions is discussed. The effect of different parameters on the operation is considered. The solar heating with transparent roof is especially suitable for shop markets. The covered area can be used as an entrance way to the shops. The heat losses through the shop windows and due to air leakage in the opening of the shop doors is greatly decreased due to the solar energy. (ERA citation 18:023285)