High performance steam cogeneration (proof-of-concept phases). Phase 2, HRSG 500-hour test report: Final report

摘要

Recent advances in small once-through Alloy 800 steam generators, improved materials technology, and application of small industrial gas turbine technology to steam turbine cogeneration offers the potential to make a step increase in steam temperature from around 1000F, where industry has been for almost fifty years, to 1500F. In small cogeneration systems, it is economically practical to introduce new technology and make a step change in temperature where it may not be possible (given the regulatory environment and economic risk) for a major change in steam temperature to be introduced in the hundreds of megawatt size of an electric utility. Increasing the peak steam temperature in a steam turbine cycle allows more work to be extracted or electrical power to be generated from a given quantity of heat input. Figure 1 plots steam efficiency as a function of superheat steam temperature and pressure for a turbine-back pressure of 166 psia. This figure clearly shows that increasing the steam conditions from the typical current practice of 900F and 900 psia to 1500F and 1500 psia will increase the steam cycle efficiency by 53%. The combination of higher cycle efficiency with an advanced high efficiency steam turbine design provides a substantial increase in turbine output power for a given steam flowrate. The output of this advanced high temperature steam turbine is approximately twice that of a current industrial practive turbine for the same turbine flowrate as seen in Figure 2. (ERA citation 19:012411)