Review of potential x-ray laser applications in materials science and chemistry

摘要

While high instantaneous brightness will be an essential attribute for certain experiments, it is not necessarily a desired one for many of the experiments commonly performed now in materials science and chemistry. High repetition-rate XUV and soft x-ray storage ring and laser plasma sources predominate in these fields because the majority of users require high average power, not high instantaneous brightness. Thus, it is envisioned that low-pulse-energy, high-repetition-rate x-ray lasers may be at least as useful within these disciplines as their more commonly discussed high-energy, low-repetition-rate counterparts. In the following, experiments in the areas of materials science and chemistry which might benefit from either of these two x-ray laser options will be very briefly described.