Use of Colloidal Assemblies in Oxidative and Hydrolytic Decontamination

摘要

Oxidation kinetics of nontoxic sulfides by periodate or peroxymonosulfate ions inzwitterionic micelles have been analyzed quantitatively. Catalysis of dephosphorylation by metallomicelles is due to a high concentration of the catalyst at the micellar surface. Rate constants of dephosphorylation by OH and other nucleophiles in aqueous acetonitride, t-butyl alcohol or N-methyl pyrrolidinone go through minima with increasing amount of organic solvent due to effects on activity coefficient ratios of initial and transition states. Rate constants of reactions of OH (-), HO2(-) and oximate ions with a variety of phosphorus (V) thiolesters have been analyzed in terms of inherent nucleophilicities and the leaving abilities of thiolate and alkoxide ion. Powdered iron or zinc in water gradually convert chloroethylphenylsulfide into the alcohol. There are some data on micellar structure.