Visual and Auditive 3D Displays as Support for Locating Target Jets (Visuele enauditieve 3D display als ondersteuning bij het opsporen van doelvliegtuigen)

摘要

An experiment was conducted in the TNO-TM flight simulator to investigate whichmanner of information presentation is most effective in helping pilots to locate target jets. Twelve pilots had to follow a target jet that suddenly disappeared and reappeared at a random spot somewhere around the own jet. The task of the pilot was to get the target jet as fast as possible in front of the own jet. They were supported by a 2D or a 3D (perspective) radar display. In half of the conditions, the position of the target jet was also presented by 3D sounds, provided by headphones. To investigate the effects of high visual load upon task performance, the pilots had to perform a visual task together with the flight task in some conditions. To investigate the effects of 3D sound when two sounds are presented, two target jet could be heard in half of the trials. Results show that performance was at best when a 3D perspective radar display was used. 3D sound improved the performance when it was combined with the 2D but not with the 3D radar, probably because performance was already maximal with the 3D display. The performance on the visual task was improved in the conditions with 3D sound, from which can be concluded that more attentions is available when a visual radar is supported by a 3D sound system. The combined auditive 3D presentation of two target jets did not affect performance.