Human Factor in System Reliability Is Human Performance Predictable. (les Facteurs humains et la fiabilite des systemes - Les performances humaines, sont-elles previsibles)

摘要

Human error is seen as an unacceptably high contributing factor in most military accidents and much research has been carried out over the past 50 years, to attempt to predict the probability of the occurrence of human error. Significant advances have been made within the safety critical domain areas within the nuclear and chemical industries. The aim of the workshop was to review the research carried out across multiple domain areas in order to provide a clear focus for Working Group 30 (Human Reliability in Safety Critical Systems). It was evident from the workshop that key cognitive processes and organizational contexts play an important part in shaping the overall human performance and hence the likelihood of human error. Therefore it was clear that there are new approaches to Human Reliability Assessment that take account of the unique human adaptability attributes that are not present in any other part of the overall system in which the human is an integral part. Working Group 30 will develop these approaches to provide clear guidance to the NATO community in designing and analyzing human roles to quantify and qualify the likelihood of error. This will enhance future design processes to produce higher fault tolerant designs, to include mitigating strategies and aim towards a significant reduction in the number of human errors.