Assessment of Methodologies for High-Frequency, Fine-Scaled, Spatially Referenced In Situ Data Collection and Analysis

摘要

Aquatic systems exhibit complex temporal and spatial heterogeneities, which are poorly described using traditional sampling strategies. Technological advances in instrumentation now offer new opportunities for the collection of fine-scaled, spatially explicit water quality data for lakes, reservoirs, and rivers. Described here are practical considerations for developing and applying strategies employing Global Positioning Systems (GPS), multiparameter sondes, and towed submersible vehicles. Equipment and sample design approaches are demonstrated based on example applications. Limitations and potential advantages are discussed.