Off-the-Shelf Antifreeze Admixtures.

摘要

Cold weather places serious constraints on today's concreting operations. As temperatures drop, concrete sets more slowly, takes longer to finish, and gains strength less rapidly. If temperatures dip too low, the risk is that the mixing water will freeze, leading to irreparable damage. Current guidance limits cold-weather protection of fresh concrete to insulation, supplemental heating, and temporary shelters to keep the concrete at or above 5 C throughout the curing process. This paper studies the use of commercial admixtures in combination with one another to depress the freezing point of the mixing water and to allow the concrete to gain strength at below-freezing temperatures without thermal protection.