Celebrating the Usefulness of Pictorial Information in Visual Perception

摘要

This book is a collection of biographical essays describing the influence of Julian Hochberg, a leading researcher in vision science and human performance modeling. In this chapter, Jeremy Beer, who was Hochberg's doctoral student, describes three areas in which Hochberg's experimental approach remains influential in vision research. The first area comprises the comparison of motion information versus pictorial depth cues (e.g., linear perspective, relative size) in moving viewers' perception of distance and slant. Hochberg demonstrated that pictorial cues can overcome other sources of information to determine how viewers will perceive a three-dimensional scene. These principles continue in the design of modern cockpit displays incorporating features like 'highway in the sky.' The second area comprises the comparison of motion information versus pictorial cues in the perception of time-to-collision. As in the first topic, recent work has demonstrated that pictorial cues can dominate other kinds of information in important visually controlled tasks such as vehicle braking and interceptive action. The third area comprises the effects of display boundaries on the perception of extended scenes. Recent work in this field has determined that human operators perceive scenes according to a distorted geometry when the boundaries of the display are restricted. (3 figures, 13 refs.).