NATO: Continuity and Change. The Atlantic Alliance as an Institution, Organization and Force by Reference to Articles 4, 5 and 6 of the Washington Treaty

摘要

This thesis examines the evolution of NATO as an institution in the International System by reference to Articles 4 5 and 6 of the Washington Treaty of 1949. Initially the thesis considers NATO from an international relations perspective. It then proceeds to examine the institutional evolutionary process of the Alliance since its inception and implementation in 1949. Furthermore it explores the significance and the meaning of the aforementioned Articles. This thesis utilizes the case study method and refers to four distinct events that have shaped allied policies and strategies: the Suez Crisis of 1956 the establishment of the politico-military consultation process the Yom Kippur War (1973) and the end of the Cold War (1989-1991). It also examines the allied policies after the events of September 11, 2001. Moreover it identifies a general pattern of events pertinent to crisis creation inside NATO when the organization is facing a defense issue outside the Euro- Atlantic area. Finally the thesis concludes that NATO is more than an ordinary military Alliance as advocated by its longevity agility and adaptability which allows the Alliance to maintain a central position in the International System as a robust politico-military organization.