Design and Development of a Radio Frequency (RF) Watermarking Signature

摘要

This report describes in-house work performed by AFRL that focused on the design and development of a Radio Frequency (RF) watermark signature' that can be used to authenticate a modulated signal. The objective of this effort not only included developing a watermarking technique, but also simulating it and, most importantly, using an in-house testbed to verify the technique from a hardware standpoint. Due to the subtle nature of a watermark signature, it was felt that full hardware verification was needed in order to validate the concept. A testbed comprised of field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and RF integrated circuits (RFICs) and were used to quickly prototype the technique.