Evolutionary Algorithm to Generate Ellipsoid Detectors for Negative Selection

摘要

Negative selection is a process from the biological immune system that can be applied to two-class (self and nonself) classification problems. Negative selection uses only one class (self) for training, which results in detectors for the other class (nonself). This paradigm is especially useful for problems in which only one class is available for training, such as network intrusion detection. Previous work has investigated hyper-rectangles and hyper- spheres as geometric detectors. This work proposes ellipsoids as geometric detectors. First, the author establishes a mathematical model for ellipsoids. He develops an algorithm to generate ellipsoids by training on only one class of data. Ellipsoid mutation operators, an objective function, and a convergence technique are described for the evolutionary algorithm that generates ellipsoid detectors. Testing on several data sets validates this approach by showing that the algorithm generates good ellipsoid detectors. Against artificial data sets, the detectors generated by the algorithm match more than 90% of nonself data with no false alarms. Against a subset of data from the 1999 DARPA MIT intrusion detection data, the ellipsoids generated by the algorithm detected approximately 98% of nonself (intrusions) with an approximate 0% false alarm rate.