Mass Transfer from Entrapped DNAPL Sources Undergoing Remediation: Characterization Methods and Prediction Tools

摘要

The primary goal of this research was to understand and characterize mass transfer and tracer partitioning in physically heterogeneous DNAPL sources undergoing remediation. Four source zone treatment technologies were evaluated: (1) bio-treatment, (2) in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO), (3) surfactant enhanced dissolution and (4) thermal treatment. Fundamental knowledge was generated to improve and develop tools for evaluating the impact of remediation technologies on DNAPL distribution in heterogeneous systems. Experiments and modeling at column, flow cell and large tank scales were designed to understand how parameters that quantify laboratory-scale processes contributing to mass transfer and parameters that quantify the processes can be upscaled to describe and simulate the field-scale behavior, and to test hypotheses that mass transfer coefficients for entrapped DNAPL sources change during remediation. Large-tank experiments generated accurate data sets under controlled conditions suitable for model development and validation, and to obtain insight to mass transfer in physically heterogeneous system.