Critical Evaluation of State-of-the-Art In Situ Thermal Treatment Technologies for DNAPL Source Zone Treatment.

摘要

The history of in situ thermal technology development and use is summarized in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), March 2004 report, In Situ Thermal Treatment of Chlorinated Solvents: Fundamentals and Field Applications. In brief, most in situ thermal cleanup technologies originate from thermal heating technologies developed for enhanced oil recovery applications. In the past two decades, the understanding of in situ heating and fluid recovery gained from enhanced oil recovery applications has been applied to hazardous waste site cleanups. These technologies offer the promise of more rapid and thorough treatment of non-aqueous phase liquid (NAPL) source zones; however, their field-scale application has not been well-documented in the technical literature. The goal of this project was to provide a performance assessment of thermal remediation technologies for dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zone remediation. The purpose of the study was to summarize knowledge on the performance of in situ heating technologies. The approach, as it pertains to this project, was to identify sites where thermal technologies have been applied and collect and synthesize as much of the available data/documentation for those sites, thus allowing for knowledge on how often each individual technology was being applied. The most challenging implementation issue was a lack of sufficient documentation for most of the 182 applications identified. Results were compiled in tables in a manner thought to be useful to practitioners who might be interested in evaluating thermal treatment options for their sites and who would benefit from this empirical compilation of historical data.