Comparative Testing of New Hemostatic Agents in a Swine Model of Extremity Arterial and Venous Hemorrhage

摘要

To compare advanced hemostatic dressings: HemCon (HC). QuikClot ACS+ advanced clotting sponge, and two granular agents: Celox (CX) and WoundStat (WS), with a standard field dressing in a swine model of extremity hemorrhage. We randomized 30 animals to treatment with a standard dressing or a hemostatic agent applied to a 2 x 6-mm injury in the femoral artery and vein after 45 s of free bleeding. Animals received 500 mL. Hextend 15 min after the bleeding commenced without further resuscitation. End point was survival to 120 min or nonsurvivable blood pressure. Survival to 120 min among treatment groups was 100% (WS), 83% (CX). 67% (HC), and 50% (ACS+). No control animals survived. Post injury blood loss (mL/kg) was 4.6 (WS), 12.9 (CX). 10.0 (HC), and 15.8 (ACS+) compared to 27.0 for controls. All hemostatic dressings result in significantly less blood loss and improved survival over standard gauze dressing.