The Strength and Creep of Frozen Soils and Calculations for Ice-Soil Retaining Structures

摘要

Since frozen soils are relatively strong and watertight, they may be used sucessfully as materials for various types of engineering construction. For example, artificially frozen soils may be used as retaining structures during mining and under complex hydrogeological conditions for sinking open-shafts. When plans and static calculations are being made for constructions on frozen soils, it is necessary to take into consideration the specific properties of such soils. The strength and deformation properties of frozen soils depend essentially upon soil-temperature, soil-composition, and soil-texture (grain-size distribution, moisture content, ice content, frost texture, etc.). Furthermore, the stress-deformation characteristics of frozen soils depend to a very large degree upon the time factor. Since ice and unfrozen water are present, the soils possess clearly defined rheological properties, such as increasing deformation with time (creep), and relaxation and reduction of strength. This book is devoted to the study of the rheological properties of frozen soils and to the development of methods for calculating creep and long-term strength of retaining structures made from artificially frozen soils. (Author)