Thermal Transient Response of Underground Shelters

摘要

The sound design of environmental control systems for underground shelters is based on knowledge of the thermal transient response under certain climatic conditions. To gain insight into the transient response of underground shelters, a series of tests using a scale model shelter was conducted. Model-prototype considerations resulted in several model temperature distortions which could be accounted for by analytical techniques. The corrected model results agreed well with results from an analog computer study which considered the same prototype shelter. The model results also indicated that shelter shape does not significantly affect its transient response. Another phase of this study was the development of a noncomputer design procedure for determining the environmental control system capacity required for a given set of climatic and soil conditions. The design procedure was applied to a number of shelter locations and climatic conditions to test its performance. As expected, the solutions indicated that ventilation rate and air-conditioning capacity depend heavily on climate, initial soil temperature, and shelter area per person. This report is intended as a record of the analytical and experimental methods evolved under the task to date. All analytical and experimental techniques are described in detail, and numerical examples for a typical model run and design procedure solution are given. Further refinement and application of the model study techniques and non-computer design procedure are presently underway, and it is hoped that this work will lead to recommended design data. (Author)