A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON THE CONSTRUCTION OF ROCKFILL DAMS BY DUMPING STONES IN RUNNING WATER

摘要

1. Broadly speaking, there are two basic methods of constructing rock-fill dams in flowing water - by uniform transverse (barge) dumping and by progressive lateral (toe) dumping. Both systems can be used in com-bination, e.g. for wide rivers.n2. A most useful concept is that of specific power. One of the im¬portant factors it reveals is the degree of difficulty to be expected in making the closure.n3. From the point of view of material required, of course the most economical form of dam is that having a triangular cross section. It would appear that a dam approximating to this cross section can always be constructed utilizing quarry-run (ungraded) rock, together with manu-factured material, such as concrete tetrahedrons. Whether this com-bination is practical is a matter of economics.n4. The satisfactory application of the technique under item 3 depends on seepage through the dam. Small dams have been constructed with no diversion works, all the flow seeping through the dam when this has emerged from the water.n5. There appears to be little reliable data on the important subject of seepage. Little of this has been correlated and some of it is of doubtful value. There is a tendency to gloss over the problems involved.