The Occurrence of Blood Group Substances a and B in Proprietary gamma Globulin of Placental Origin

摘要

Gamma globulin (GG) preparations derived from pooled placental materials are contaiminated with A and B blood group substances. In vitro assays by a simple quantitative hemagglutination technic show approximately 20 micro g/m1 A substance and approximately 165 micro g/M1 B substance in most preparations. These materials were administered to 18 male volunteers of groups O, A, and B and shown to be a stimulus to the development of high titer hemolysins, saline agglutinins, and non-neutralizable agglutinins. In addition, titer rises in anti-A and/or anti-B saliva agglutinins were seen in the group O recipients. Non-placental (serum) GG contained no blood group substances by in vitro or in vivo testing. The source of the antigen in placental GG is likely from erthrocytes subjected to freezing and thawing. Thus, a hemolysate derived from washed packed A1 or B cells, subjected to -20C, thawed and passed through 0.22 micro MilliporeR filter, contained significant blood group substance. Placental GG has been advocated for prophylaxis against infectious hepatitis and rubella. Its administration may carry risk by rendering the group O individual a 'dangerous' universal donor, and by increasing the incidence of ABO hemolytic disease in a heterospecific pregnancy of an injected group O mother. (Author)